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Cold temperate coasts
Kelp Forests
Underwater forests that grow 60 cm a day. Sea otters, sharks, and the only ecosystem rivalling rainforests for productivity.
Species
800
Plant species
30
Endangered
40%
Pressure
Northern California kelp down 95% since 2014
Surprise of the day
Garibaldi damselfish guard kelp territories so aggressively they charge divers ten times their size.
Who eats who
Apex predators on top. Energy flows down.
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